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The Doctor is the title character and protagonist in the long-running BBC science fiction television series ''Doctor Who''. The character has also been featured in two cinema feature films, one made-for-television film, and a vast range of spin-off novels, audio dramas and comic strips connected to the series. In the series, "the Doctor" is the alias assumed by a centuries-old alien who travels through space and time in his TARDIS, frequently with companions. Since the show's inception in 1963, the character has been portrayed by twelve lead actors. The transition from each succeeding actor is explained within the narrative of the show through the plot device of "regeneration", a biological function of his race that allows their change of cellular structure and appearance with recovery following a potentially fatal injury. A number of other actors have played the character in stage and audio plays, as well as in various film and television productions. The character's enduring popularity led ''The Daily Telegraph'' to dub him "Britain's favourite alien". The incumbent Doctor is the Twelfth Doctor, played by Peter Capaldi, who succeeded Matt Smith in the role in the 2013 Christmas special "The Time of the Doctor". ==Background== Within the fictional narrative, the Doctor is a Time Lord from the planet of Gallifrey who travels through time and space in his dimensionally transcendental—"bigger on the inside"—time machine, the TARDIS (Time And Relative Dimension(s) In Space) which took the exterior form of a 1963 police telephone call box, and retains the appearance throughout the series. His kind have dedicated themselves to overseeing all of time and space without interference. The Doctor chose to leave his home by stealing an obsolete TARDIS model as revealed in the 1969 episode ''The War Games'' and depicted in the 2013 episode "The Name of the Doctor". With this vehicle, the Doctor explores the universe with usually human companions who serve as audience surrogate characters to ask questions which allow the Doctor to provide relevant exposition. "Doctor" is his self-selected alias. In later episodes of the new series, specifically under show runner Steven Moffat, the story arcs surrounding events in the Doctor's future implied serious consequences in the event of the Doctor's true name being spoken, the nature of which is finally revealed in "The Time of the Doctor". Spin-off media offer the explanation that his true name is unpronounceable by humans. In "The Name of the Doctor", the Eleventh Doctor tells companion Clara Oswald that the name "Doctor" is essentially a promise he made. The promise itself is revealed in "The Day of the Doctor": "Never cruel nor cowardly. Never give up. Never give in." The Doctor's earlier life and childhood on Gallifrey has been little described. The classic series often refers to his time at the Academy and his affiliation with the Prydonian chapter of Time Lords, who are notoriously devious. In "The Sound of Drums", the Doctor describes a Time Lord Academy initiation ceremony where, at the age of eight, Time Lord children are made to look into the Untempered Schism, a gap in space and time where they could view the Time Vortex. Some are inspired, some go mad (as he suggests happened to his nemesis, the Master) and some run away. When asked to which group he belonged, he replied, "Oh, the ones that ran away; I never stopped!" Fellow pupils at the Academy, where he was taught by future Lord President Borusa and Azmael,〔Parkin, Lance & Pearson, Lars (2012). ''A History: An Unauthorised History of the Doctor Who Universe (3rd Edition)'', p. 709. Mad Norwegian Press, Des Moines. ISBN 978-193523411-1.〕 included the Master, a Time Lord who was the Doctor's childhood friend before becoming his enemy while he was in his third incarnation and antagonises him until his eventual redemption in ''The End of Time'', the Tenth Doctor's final story, and Drax, with whom he attended a Tech course as part of the class of '92.〔Parkin, Lance & Pearson, Lars (2012). ''A History: An Unauthorised History of the Doctor Who Universe (3rd Edition)'', p. 709. Mad Norwegian Press, Des Moines. ISBN 978-193523411-1.〕 In ''the Armageddon Factor'', it is revealed that the Doctor just scraped through the Academy with 51% on his second attempt.〔Parkin, Lance & Pearson, Lars (2012). ''A History: An Unauthorised History of the Doctor Who Universe (3rd Edition)'', p. 711. Mad Norwegian Press, Des Moines. ISBN 978-193523411-1.〕 In ''The Time Meddler'', it is said that the Doctor was fifty years before the Meddling Monk.〔Parkin, Lance & Pearson, Lars (2012). ''A History: An Unauthorised History of the Doctor Who Universe (3rd Edition)'', p. 709. Mad Norwegian Press, Des Moines. ISBN 978-193523411-1.〕 In ''Time and the Rani'', the Doctor claims to have attended University alongside the Rani, there specialising in thermodynamics.〔Parkin, Lance & Pearson, Lars (2012). ''A History: An Unauthorised History of the Doctor Who Universe (3rd Edition)'', p. 709. Mad Norwegian Press, Des Moines. ISBN 978-193523411-1.〕 In ''The Time Monster'', the Doctor says he grew up in a house on the side of a mountain, and talks about a hermit who lived under a tree behind the house and inspired the Doctor when he was depressed. He is later reunited with this former mentor, now on Earth posing as the abbot K'anpo Rimpoche, in ''Planet of the Spiders''. In "Listen", the Doctor as a child is shown sleeping alone in a barn, withdrawn from other children, and is cared for by guardian figures who privately doubt the child's ability as an eventual Time Lord. In other media, more has been revealed of the Doctor's early life. In the Past Doctor Adventures novel ''Divided Loyalties'', the Doctor recalls his Academy years in a dream induced by the Celestial Toymaker. According to this, he was a member of an organisation called the Deca, ten brilliant Academy students campaigning for increased Time Lord intervention, alongside Mortimus (the Meddling Monk), Ushas (the Rani), Koschei (the Master), Magnus (the War Chief), Drax, a spy named Vansell, Millennia, Rallon and Jelpax. With this group, he learns about the Celestial Toymaker and travels to his realm in a type 18 TARDIS with Deca members Rallon and Millennia, who are killed. This leads to the Doctor's expulsion from the Academy and he is condemned to five hundred years in Records and Traffic Control.〔Parkin, Lance & Pearson, Lars (2012). ''A History: An Unauthorised History of the Doctor Who Universe (3rd Edition)'', p. 710 & 711. Mad Norwegian Press, Des Moines. ISBN 978-193523411-1.〕 In ''The Quantum Archangel'', it is revealed the Doctor studied cosmic science alongside the Master, taught by one Cardinal Sendok.〔Parkin, Lance & Pearson, Lars (2012). ''A History: An Unauthorised History of the Doctor Who Universe (3rd Edition)'', p. 710. Mad Norwegian Press, Des Moines. ISBN 978-193523411-1.〕 In the Virgin Missing Adventures novel ''Goth Opera'', it is said the Doctor was a frequent prankster while at the Academy, introducing cats into Gallifrey's ecosystem with his friend Ruath and electrifying a "perigosto stick" belonging to his teacher, Borusa.〔Parkin, Lance & Pearson, Lars (2012). ''A History: An Unauthorised History of the Doctor Who Universe (3rd Edition)'', p. 709. Mad Norwegian Press, Des Moines. ISBN 978-193523411-1.〕 Feeling that too much of the Doctor's backstory had been revealed by the Seventh Doctor's era, writers Andrew Cartmel, Ben Aaronovitch and Marc Platt developed a new direction for the series. Cartmel wished to restore the character's "awe, mystery and strength" and make him "once again more than a mere chump of a Time Lord" – an idea the media dubbed the "Cartmel Masterplan". Under Cartmel, the show foreshadowed this concept; however, its 1989 cancellation meant that it was never realised onscreen. The proposed backstory was fully explored in Platt's 1997 novel ''Lungbarrow'', where the Doctor is revealed as "the Other", a mysterious figure in Gallifreyan lore who co-founded Time Lord society with Rassilon and Omega. After a curse renders Gallifrey sterile, the Other devises biotechnological Looms to "weave" new Time Lords; his granddaughter Susan is Gallifrey's last natural child. To escape a civil war with Rassilon, the Other throws himself into the Loom system, where he is disintegrated and later woven into the Doctor.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「The Doctor (Doctor Who)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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